Traffic or construction loads acting on the soil surface next to the culvert. 3. Structural Analysis Methodology
Box culverts are typically analyzed as or "closed loops" using one of the following methods: StruBIM Box Culverts - User's manual - CYPE box culvert design calculations eurocode 2021
Actions on structures, specifically Part 2 for traffic loads on bridges. Traffic or construction loads acting on the soil
Basis of structural design, defining load combinations and partial factors. defining load combinations and partial factors.